Week 14 - Peer Review

Final Draft

Cyber Diplomacy

We live in a fast-changing time which information is flooded and moved through Internet and many things are done on the Internet. People chat, students study, and people share habit through the Internet. Not only these things but also diplomacy is done through the Internet. It calls Cyber Diplomacy. Cyber diplomacy is often called various name : Digital Diplomacy, Ediplomacy. Cyber diplomacy can be defined various(as we can see in Hillary's speech, 'What is the Definition of eDiplomacy? & WIKIPEDIA') but I want to define it : the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. And I especially want to focus the point that cyber diplomacy not only control overall information in cyberspace but also help the diplomacy can be powerful and have influence by effective way. Even though Korean technology of internet is evaluated good, the cyber diplomacy is not that good in my opinion. It is because an image of Korea is still bad and Korea could not get a good score in a little cyber war between Japan and Korea about Dok-Do. Thus, I think Korean cyber diplomacy does not have a proper role as compared with technology and possibility, so I want to know the reason and other country's cyber diplomacy policy and find a solution. Thus, I argue that the Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

Governments nevertheless need to make detailed preparations to withstand and recover from a wide range of unwanted cyber events, both accidental and deliberate. There are significant and growing risks of located misery and loss as a result of compromise of computer and telecommunications services. In addition, reliable Internet and other computer facilities are essential in recovering from most other large-scale disasters.

Catastrophic single cyber-related events could include: a successful attack on one of the underlying technical protocols upon which the Internet depends on. Analysis of security issues has been weakened by the lack of agreement on terminology and the use of exaggerated language. (from, Digital warfare) An ―attack‖or an ―incident‖can include anything from an easily-identified ―phishing‖attempt to obtain password details, a readily detected virus or a failed log-in to a highly sophisticated mult-stranded stealth onslaught. (from, Digital warfare) It is indicated why the cyber diplomacy is needed. As we can see in upper source, It is already known danger of cyber attack and the defense of information spill of nation is the first step of the cyber diplomacy.

For specific example, from article : Necessity of Korean cyber security, "ATP (advanced persistent threat) attack is becoming an issue, that is intelligence attacks continue to infect PCs, when people open mail that an attacker has planted malignant code in, they can steal information secretly without leaving a trace. Also, It weakens the security system of a company. The most dreaded point is the attacks are continuous and people don't not know when secret information is being leaked. This dreaded attack has already resulted a lot of damage, an attack of a nuclear power plant in Iran cause a dangerous situation, which made ATP attacks famous."

This is a situation that current cyber world reflects the real world. The things that I researched problems of Korean cyber diplomacy and cyber diplomacy of other countries are all based on this situation. Many attacks and policy are done on the cyber(often infiltrate softly but frightening). It shows why my argument is accepted. As we can see above sources, already people felt the need of importance and change of cyber diplomacy. Thus, the problem and solution will be dealt in my essay.

Before an entrance the argue that should Korean cyber diplomacy be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future, we should know exactly the definition of cyber diplomacy. Thus, according to the 'What is the Definition of eDiplomacy? & WIKIPEDIA', "It is the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. and The kind of diplomacy that uses the internet, regardless of whether the actors involved are government appointed diplomats or civil society actors." Thus, it indicates everything that we can do on cyberspace. It is easy that people misunderstand that cyber diplomacy is not that serious. But, According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', Hillary Clinton said that "We're working to leverage the power and potential in what I call 21st century statecraft. It means cyber diplomacy can be a device that governing and power in the world."

We can see the background of this in the source 'Korean Cyber Attack'. "On March 20th, around 2pm, a series of computer attacks ripped across South Korea. These attacks hit the computer systems of MBC, KBS, YTN, Shinhan Bank, Nyeonghyup Bank, and Jeju Bank. It is not simple attack by hacker. It is indicated that one country can collapse. At that time, actually many Korean societies got into uncontrollable confusion and Korean felt scared." Also, the evaluation of ability of Korea cyber turned to be lower. It shows the one cyber attack can make the country stop. And specially, Korea should be sensitive about these events as long as the Korean Peninsula. Because of problems of Korean cyber network, according to article : Necessity of Korean cyber security, 강기윤, a member of the National Assembly security administration committee pointed out that "Spyware or Adware were found on the PCs of the Police, and that there should be on investigation of cyber crimes and react sensitively about security, as this means that security recognition is weak."

Then, why the Korea did not act quickly and appropriately? Of course, it is very difficult to prepare and block attacks. But, we should not give up just because it is difficult to block. We should recognize the problems. According to the source ‘Thought-out policy needed for gray-hat hackers’, there are many problems. The one thing is nation's discredit against government. It is because the doubt political intervention event of cyber department. It has brought a lot of backlashes. Because of this event, works and ability that cyber department did before are doubted and cyber department cannot work quickly and proper because it should answer a lot of questions, so cyber diplomacy cannot run effectively. The other is South Korea’s vulnerability to cyber attacks.

Son Tae-jong said about the reason of vulnerability.

"South Korea has an advanced information technology environment and it has gained international recognition. However, that could make it easy prey for our enemies in cyberspace. Just like developing states focusing only on national development, (South Korea) has not made sufficient investments in cyber protection. "

According to Son Tae-jong, For strong cyber diplomacy, defense is no less important than effective attack. But, "one of the world’s most wired nations, there are many cyber savvy youngsters, or “gray-hat hackers,” who flirt with the idea of breaking into computer networks of firms or state entities. Most have no grasp of the illegality of their activities. These hackers could become cyber security specialists, called “white-hat” hackers, or malicious “black-hat” hackers who would pose transnational cyber security challenges unless the government addresses them."

So then, How can we find the solution? To find a solution, we can reflect policies of other countries. According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', as stated by Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, the mission of American public diplomacy is to support the achievement of U.S. foreign policy goals and objectives, advance national interests, and enhance national security by informing and influencing foreign public and by expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world. Cyber space has also become a foreign policy issue in multilateral fora, in our bilateral relationships, and in our relationships with industry and civil society. U.S. Department of State in cyber-diplomacy has led the State Department to currently have Facebook pages, Twitter accounts, channels on YouTube and Flickr. New purpose of Dipnote is the establishment of communication, creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches. Also, according to the article : Necessity of Korean cyber security, President of the U.S.A, Barak Obama has said that "I will take action by force of arms if U.S.A is damaged by cyber attack."

According to 'Japanese Territory > Takeshima ' source, Japan organizes well about its argument. It is no matter that how many we have problems and Korea is stronger than other country, it is clear that Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

Distinctly, many people do not agree with my argument. They can say changing and developing cyber diplomacy is too far from reality. There is many things to do. Especially, ability of Korea off-line diplomacy is evaluated bad. Actual Korea did not deal with many problems in London Olympic, dispute about Dok-do, and Japanese military sexual slavery. It is energy waste that Korea expands the range of diplomacy. Cyber war is groundless say. It is right that one of the reasons that I argue prepare cyber war is cyber attack but cyber war is not only the serious battle. It sometimes can be silent cyber diplomacy war such as Dok-do.

Then, I want to argue that these problems can be solved. In real, off-line diplomacy, there are many difficulties that Korea diplomacy can be strong as related with the national power. But, In cyber space, not many countries develop, so Korea can have the opportunity to get the power in cyber space. Also, The power in cyber space will be stronger and stronger, because information can spread, so people all around the world can accept easily. Thus, it can control mind and atmosphere of people from the world. It can make some solve some political problem can be solved having benefit for us. It can be shown well in Japan. Japan has good ability of cyber diplomacy, so do the soft diplomacy with cyber using media such as making a lot of video. Because of it, many people in the world misunderstand that Dok-do is Japanese territory. We can recognize the power of cyber diplomacy. Also, It can be cyber war. and Based on many research, there are many bright ways to changing and developing.

First of all, the distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. (I mentioned the origin above) And according to Son Tae jong , "Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on." If we change and develop in bright way such as I mentioned upper, it will have better result and it is necessary in this society.

I mentioned several times that why we need to change and develop the cyber diplomacy. As I said in Narration, already several attacks are done and it brought it society of Korea. and not only for cyber attack but for preparing a political cyber diplomacy strategy. and It is the way that Korea can have strong national power if we change and develop the cyber diplomacy. The one problems is distrust of nation against government and because of this, government cannot run well. also The other problem is lack of people who want to protector of country. I suggest several ways to change and develop the problems of Korea cyber diplomacy. The distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. and Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on. There is a way to be legal grounds established so the military can rapidly and effectively respond to cyber attacks based on the expectation that before any conventional warfare, enemy forces might launch large-scale cyber attacks. If we have proper and bright solution of these problem, changing and developing the cyber diplomacy will bring the growth of Korea diplomacy. and I suggest the proper and bright way to change and develop. If you ignore my argument, Korea can suffer from the sorrow of weak nation in the area, cyber diplomacy once again. Thus, Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

 

Cyber Diplomacy

1.  http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2013/05/digital-warfare
2.  http://www.oecd.org/fr/gov/risques/Cyber-risques.pdf
3. http://www.nextgov.com/cybersecurity/2014/03/russias-cyberwar-against-ukraine-every-bit-strategic-its-ground-offensive/79792/?oref=ng-relatedstories
4. http://diydiplomacy.wordpress.com/2012/10/02/94/
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_diplomacy
6. http://khnews.kheraldm.com/view.php?ud=20140803000316&md=20140806005219_BK
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_cyber-diplomacy
8. http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/takeshima/index.html
9. http://www.mch.hs.kr/ebook/MichuholTribune08/index.html#p=26
10. 
    

Research - 7

Source: Article : Necessity of Korean Cyber Security 

http://www.mch.hs.kr/ebook/MichuholTribune08/index.html#p=26

My Topic:

Korean government should change and develop cyber diplomacy policy.

What I hope to learn from this source:

The reason why the Korean cyber security is necessary.

Notes:

1. ATP (advanced persistent threat) attack
   - It is becoming an issue, that is intelligence attacks continue to infect PCs, when people open mail that an attacker has planted malignant code in, they can steal information secretly without leaving a trace.

2.  Take action -  President of the U.S.A, Barak Obama has said that he will take action by force of arms if U.S.A is damaged by cyber attack.

3.  Security recognition is weak -
강기윤, a member of the National Assembly security administration committee pointed out that "Spyware or Adware were found on the PCs of the Police, and that there should be on investigation of cyber crimes and react sensitively about security, as this means that security recognition is weak.

4. Law about cyber regulations
  - the UN has plans to make law about cyber regulations and it is expected reflect a lot of opinions from powerful nations. Many nations, such as U.S.A, China, and Russia are widely known to have been made laws about cyber regulations and developed cyber abilities.

 

Week 13 - Second Draft

Cyber Diplomacy

 We live in a fast-changing time which information is flooded and moved through Internet and many things are done on the Internet. People chat, students study, and people share habit through the Internet. Not only these things but also diplomacy is done through the Internet. It calls Cyber Diplomacy. Cyber diplomacy is often called various name : Digital Diplomacy, Ediplomacy. Cyber diplomacy can be defined various but I want to define it : the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. And I especially want to focus the point that cyber diplomacy not only control overall information in cyberspace but also help the diplomacy can be powerful and have influence by effective way. Even though Korean technology of internet is evaluated good, the cyber diplomacy is not that good in my opinion. It is because an image of Korea is still bad and Korea could not get a good score in a little cyber war between Japan and Korea about Dok-Do. Thus, I think Korean cyber diplomacy does not have a proper role as compared with technology and possibility, so I want to know the reason and other country's cyber diplomacy policy and find a solution. Thus, I argue that the Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

   Governments nevertheless need to make detailed preparations to withstand and recover from a wide range of unwanted cyber events, both accidental and deliberate. There are significant and growing risks of located misery and loss as a result of compromise of computer and telecommunications services. In addition, reliable Internet and other computer facilities are essential in recovering from most other large-scale disasters.

Catastrophic single cyber-related events could include: a successful attack on one of the underlying technical protocols upon which the Internet depends on. Analysis of security issues has been weakened by the lack of agreement on terminology and the use of exaggerated language. (from, Digital warfare) An ―attack‖or an ―incident‖can include anything from an easily-identified ―phishing‖attempt to obtain password details, a readily detected virus or a failed log-in to a highly sophisticated mult-stranded stealth onslaught. (from, Digital warfare) It is indicated why the cyber diplomacy is needed. As we can see in upper sauce, It is already known danger of cyber attack and the defense of information spill of nation is the first step of the cyber diplomacy.

  For specific example, from article : Necessity of Korean cyber security, "ATP (advanced persistent threat) attack is becoming an issue, that is intelligence attacks continue to infect PCs, when people open mail that an attacker has planted malignant code in, they can steal information secretly without leaving a trace. Also, It weakens the security system of a company. The most dreaded point is the attacks are continuous and people don't not know when secret information is being leaked. This dreaded attack has already resulted a lot of damage, an attack of a nuclear power plant in Iran cause a dangerous situation, which made ATP attacks famous."

  This is a situation that current cyber world reflects the real world. The things that I researched problems of Korean cyber diplomacy and cyber diplomacy of other countries are all based on this situation. Many attacks and policy are done on the cyber(often infiltrate softly but frightening). It shows why my argument is accepted. As we can see above sauces, already people felt the need of importance and change of cyber diplomacy. Thus, the problem and solution will be dealt in my essay.

  Before an entrance the argue that should Korean cyber diplomacy be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future, we should know exactly the definition of cyber diplomacy. Thus, according to the 'What is the Definition of eDiplomacy? & WIKIPEDIA', "It is the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. and The kind of diplomacy that uses the internet, regardless of whether the actors involved are government appointed diplomats or civil society actors." Thus, it indicates everything that we can do on cyberspace. It is easy that people misunderstand that cyber diplomacy is not that serious. But, According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', Hillary Clinton said that "We're working to leverage the power and potential in what I call 21st century statecraft. It means cyber diplomacy can be a device that governing and power in the world." 

 We can see the background of this in the sauce 'Korean Cyber Attack'. "On March 20th, around 2pm, a series of computer attacks ripped across South Korea. These attacks hit the computer systems of MBC, KBS, YTN, Shinhan Bank, Nyeonghyup Bank, and Jeju Bank. It is not simple attack by hacker. It is indicated that one country can collapse. At that time, actually many Korean societies got into uncontrollable confusion and Korean felt scared." Also, the evaluation of ability of Korea cyber turned to be lower. It shows the one cyber attack can make the country stop. And specially, Korea should be sensitive about these events as long as the Korean Peninsula. Because of problems of Korean cyber network, according to article : Necessity of Korean cyber security,  강기윤, a member of the National Assembly security administration committee pointed out that "Spyware or Adware were found on the PCs of the Police, and that there should be on investigation of cyber crimes and react sensitively about security, as this means that security recognition is weak."

  Then, why the Korea did not act quickly and appropriately? Of course, it is very difficult to prepare and block attacks. But, we should not give up just because it is difficult to block. We should recognize the problems. According to the sauce ‘Thought-out policy needed for gray-hat hackers’, there are many problems. The one thing is nation's discredit against government. It is because the doubt political intervention event of cyber department. It has brought a lot of backlashes. Because of this event, works and ability that cyber department did before are doubted and cyber department cannot work quickly and proper because it should answer a lot of questions, so cyber diplomacy cannot run effectively. The other is South Korea’s vulnerability to cyber attacks.

Son Tae-jong said about the reason of vulnerability.

"South Korea has an advanced information technology environment and it has gained international recognition. However, that could make it easy prey for our enemies in cyberspace. Just like developing states focusing only on national development, (South Korea) has not made sufficient investments in cyber protection. "
  According to Son Tae-jong, For strong cyber diplomacy, defense is no less important than effective attack. But, "one of the world’s most wired nations, there are many cyber savvy youngsters, or “gray-hat hackers,” who flirt with the idea of breaking into computer networks of firms or state entities. Most have no grasp of the illegality of their activities. These hackers could become cyber security specialists, called “white-hat” hackers, or malicious “black-hat” hackers who would pose transnational cyber security challenges unless the government addresses them."

  So then, How can we find the solution? To find a solution, we can reflect policies of other countries. According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', as stated by Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, the mission of American public diplomacy is to support the achievement of U.S. foreign policy goals and objectives, advance national interests, and enhance national security by informing and influencing foreign public and by expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world. Cyber space has also become a foreign policy issue in multilateral fora, in our bilateral relationships, and in our relationships with industry and civil society. U.S. Department of State in cyber-diplomacy has led the State Department to currently have Facebook pages, Twitter accounts, channels on YouTube and Flickr. New purpose of Dipnote is the establishment of communication, creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches.  Also, according to the article : Necessity of Korean cyber security, President of the U.S.A, Barak Obama has said that "I will take action by force of arms if U.S.A is damaged by cyber attack."

According to 'Japanese Territory > Takeshima ' sauce, Japan organizes well about its argument. It is no matter that how many we have problems and Korea is stronger than other country, it is clear that Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

 Distinctly, many people do not agree with my argument. They can say changing and developing cyber diplomacy is too far from reality. There is many things to do. Especially, ability of Korea off-line diplomacy is evaluated bad. Actual Korea did not deal with many problems in London Olympic, dispute about Dok-do, and Japanese sex salves problem. It is energy waste that Korea expands the range of diplomacy. Cyber war is groundless say. It is right that one of the reasons that I argue prepare cyber war is cyber attack but cyber war is not only the serious battle. It sometimes can be silent cyber diplomacy war such as Dok-do.

  Then, I want to argue that these problems can be solved. In real, off-line diplomacy, there are many difficulties that Korea diplomacy can be strong as related with the national power. But, In cyber space, not many countries develop, so Korea can have the opportunity to get the power in cyber space. Also, The power in cyber space will be stronger and stronger, because information can spread, so people all around the world can accept easily. Thus, it can control mind and atmosphere of people from the world. It can make some solve some political problem can be solved having benefit for us. It can be shown well in Japan. Japan has good ability of cyber diplomacy, so do the soft diplomacy with cyber using media such as making a lot of video. Because of it, many people in the world misunderstand that Dok-do is Japanese territory. We can recognize the power of cyber diplomacy. Also, It can be cyber war. and Based on many research, there are many bright ways to changing and developing.

  First of all, the distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. (I mentioned the origin above) And according to Son Tae jong , "Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on." If we change and develop in bright way such as I mentioned upper, it will have better result and it is necessary in this society.

  I mentioned several times that why we need to change and develop the cyber diplomacy. As I said in Narration, already several attacks are done and it brought it society of Korea. and not only for cyber attack but for preparing a political cyber diplomacy strategy. and It is the way that Korea can have strong national power if we change and develop the cyber diplomacy. The one problems is distrust of nation against government and because of this, government cannot run well. also The other problem is lack of people who want to protector of country. I suggest several ways to change and develop the problems of Korea cyber diplomacy. The distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. and Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on. There is a way to be legal grounds established so the military can rapidly and effectively respond to cyberattacks based on the expectation that before any conventional warfare, enemy forces might launch large-scale cyber attacks. If we have proper and bright solution of these problem, changing and developing the cyber diplomacy will bring the growth of Korea diplomacy. and I suggest the proper and bright way to change and develop. If you ignore my argument, Korea can suffer from the sorrow of weak nation in the area, cyber diplomacy once again. Thus, Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

Cyber Diplomacy

1.  http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2013/05/digital-warfare
2.  http://www.oecd.org/fr/gov/risques/Cyber-risques.pdf
3. http://www.nextgov.com/cybersecurity/2014/03/russias-cyberwar-against-ukraine-every-bit-strategic-its-ground-offensive/79792/?oref=ng-relatedstories
4. http://diydiplomacy.wordpress.com/2012/10/02/94/
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_diplomacy
6. http://khnews.kheraldm.com/view.php?ud=20140803000316&md=20140806005219_BK
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_cyber-diplomacy
8. http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/takeshima/index.html
9. http://www.mch.hs.kr/ebook/MichuholTribune08/index.html#p=26
10. 
    

Week 11 - Self Evaluation Template

Sunday, October 26, 2014

Self Evaluation Template

1) What score do you think you deserve? Here is the rubric:

2 points - The first draft is thoughtful and a good start to an effective persuasive essay. It demonstrates an understanding of the classical argument.

1 point - The student completes a first draft that demonstrates an understanding of the classical argument

0 points - The first draft is inadequate

I think I deserve 2 points. 

2) What did you do well?

I researched enthusiastically even though there were some problems of connectivity between research paper and my intention to use initially.  I did my best to research the proper data.

arguments are based off of opinions and personal feelings.
3) What could you have done better?

I will correct my grammar matter and check the contents.

4) Which part of the classical argument did you use the best?

conclusion

5) Which part of the classical argument did you use the most poorly?

narration

6) What's your strategy to make your second draft better?

I will correct the grammar and check the contents. My narration is strong. I do a good job explaining the foundations of the issue, and I prepare my audience to hear my argument.i

Week 11 - First Draft

Cyber Diplomacy

 We live in a fast-changing times which information is flooded and moved through internet and many things are done on the Internet. People chat, students study, and people share habit through the Internet. Not only these things but also diplomacy is done through the Internet. It calls Cyber Diplomacy. Cyber diplomacy is often called various name : Digital Diplomacy, Ediplomacy. Cyber diplomacy can be defined various but I want to define it : the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. and I especially want to focus the point that cyber diplomacy not only control overall information in cyber space but also help the diplomacy can be powerful and have influence by effective way. Even though Korean technology of internet is evaluated good, the cyber diplomacy is not that good in my opinion. It is because image of Korea is still bad and Korea could not get good score in a little cyber war between Japan and Korea about Dok-Do. Thus, I think Korean cyber diplomacy does not have a proper role as compared with technology and possibility, so I want to know the reason and other country's cyber diplomacy polity and find the solution. Thus, I argue that the Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.
   Governments nevertheless need to make detailed preparations to withstand and recover from a wide range of unwanted cyber events, both accidental and deliberate. There are significant and growing risks of localised misery and loss as a result of compromise of computer and telecommunications services. In addition, reliable Internet and other computer facilities are essential in recovering from most other large-scale disasters.

Catastrophic single cyber-related events could include: successful attack on one of the underlying technical protocols upon which the Internet depends. Analysis of bsersecurity issues has been weakened by the lack of agreement on terminology and the use of exaggerated language. An ―attack‖or an ―incident‖can include anything from an easily-identified ―phishing‖attempt to obtain password details, a readily detected virus or a failed log-in to a highly sophisticated multi-stranded stealth onslaught. It is indicated why the cyber diplomacy is needed. As we can see in upper sauce, It is already known danger of cyber attack and the defense of information spill of nation is the first step of the cyber diplomacy.
  For specific example, Earlier this month the Department of Defence delivered a report to Congress accusing the hermit kingdom's expanding army of “cyber-warriors” of using foreign infrastructure, such as broadband networks, to launch cyber-attacks on American allies, most notably South Korea. On March 20th thousands of South Korean banking and broadcasting systems were paralysed by a devastating cyber "time bomb" spread unwittingly via the ViRobot Management System, corporate antivirus software made by Hauri, an internet-security firm. When the bomb exploded, it wiped the master boot record (MBR), which stores the information a computer needs to start the operating system. If the MBR is wiped or damaged, the computer system will not start up.

  This is the situation that current cyber world reflects the real world. The things that I researched problems of Korean cyber diplomacy and cyber diplomacy of other countries are all based on this situation. Many attacks and policy are done on the cyber(often infiltrate softly but frightening). It shows why my argument is accepted. As we can see above sauces, already people felt the need of importance and change of cyber diplomacy. Thus, the problem and solution will be dealt in my essay.
  Before entrance the argue that should Korean cyber diplomacy be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future, we should know exactly the definition of cyber diplomacy. Thus, according to the 'What is the Definition of eDiplomacy? & WIKIPEDIA' It is the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. and The kind of diplomacy that uses the internet, regardless of whether the actors involved are government appointed diplomats or civil society actors. Thus, it indicates everything that we can do on cyber space. It is easy that people misunderstand that cyber diplomacy is not that serious. But, According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', Hillary Clinton said that We're working to leverage the power and potential in what I call 21st century statecraft. It means cyber diplomacy can be device that governing and power in the world.

 We can see the background of this in the sauce 'Korean Cyber Attack'. On March 20th, around 2pm, a series of computer attacks ripped across South Korea. These attacks hit the computer systems of MBC, KBS, YTN, Shinhan Bank, Nyeonghyup Bank, and Jeju Bank. It is not simple attack by hacker. It is indicated that one country can collapse. At that time, actually many korean society got into uncontrollable confusion and Korean felt scared. also, the evaluation of ability of korea cyber turned to be lower. It shows the one cyber attack can make the country stop. and Especially, Korea should be sensitive about these events as long as the Korean Peninsula.

  Then, why the Korea did not act quickly and appropriately? Of course, it is very difficult to prepare and block attacks. But, we should not give up just because it is difficult to block. We should recognize the problems. According to the sauce ‘Thought-out policy needed for gray-hat hackers’, there are many problems. The one thing is nation's discredit against government. It is because the doubt political intervention event of cyber department. It has brought a lot of backlash. Because of this event, works and ability that cyber department did before are doubted and cyber department cannot work quickly and propper because it should answer a lot of questions, so cyber diplomacy cannot run effectively. the other is South Korea’s vulnerability to cyber attacks.

Son Tae-jong said about the reason of vulnerability.

"South Korea has an advanced information technology environment and it has gained international recognition. However, that could make it easy prey for our enemies in cyberspace. Just like developing states focusing only on national development, (South Korea) has not made sufficient investments in cyber protection. "
  For strong cyber diplomacy, defense is no less important than effective attack. But, one of the world’s most wired nations, there are many cyber savvy youngsters, or “gray-hat hackers,” who flirt with the idea of breaking into computer networks of firms or state entities. Most have no grasp of the illegality of their activities. These hackers could become cyber security specialists, called “white-hat” hackers, or malicious “black-hat” hackers who would pose transnational cyber security challenges unless the government addresses them.

 So then, How can we fing the solution? To find the solution, we can reflect policies of other countries. According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', as stated by Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, the mission of American public diplomacy is to support the achievement of U.S. foreign policy goals and objectives, advance national interests, and enhance national security by informing and influencing foreign publics and by expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world. Cyber space has also become a foreign policy issue in multilateral fora, in our bilateral relationships, and in our relationships with industry and civil society. U.S. Department of State in cyber-diplomacy has led the State Department to currently have Facebook pages, Twitter accounts, channels on YouTube and Flickr. New purpose of Dipnote is the establishment of communication, creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches. According to 'Japanese Territory > Takeshima ' sauce, Japan organizes well about its argument.

 It is no matter that how many we have problems and Korea is stronger than other country, it is clear that Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.
  Distinctly, many people do not agree with my argument. They can say changing and developing cyber diplomacy is too far from reality. There is many things to do. Especially, ability of korea off-line diplomacy is evaluated bad. Actual Korea did not deal with many problems in London Olympic, dispute about Dok-do, and Japanese sex salves problem. It is energy waste that Korea expands the range of diplomacy. Cyber war is groundless say. It is right that one of the reasons that I argue prepare cyber war is cyber attack but cyber war is not only the serious battle. It sometimes can be silent cyber diplomacy war such as Dok-do.

  Then, I want to argue that these problems can be solved. In real, off-line diplomacy, there are many difficulties that Korea diplomacy can be strong as related with the national power. But, In cyber space, not many countries develop, so Korea can have the opportunity to get the power in cyber space. Also, The power in cyber space will be stronger and stronger, because information can spread, so people all around the world can accept easily. Thus, it can control mind and atmosphere of people from the world. It can make some solve some political problem can be solved having benefit for us. It can be shown well in Japan. Japan has good ability of cyber diplomacy, so do the soft diplomacy with cyber using media such as making a lot of video. Because of it, many people in the world misunderstant that Dok-do is japanese territory. We can recognize the power of cyber diplomacy. Also, It can be cyber war. and Based on many research, there are many bright ways to changing and developing.

  First of all, the distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. and Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on. If we change and develop in bright way such as I mentioned upper, it will have better result and it is necessary in this society.
  I mentioned several times that why we need to change and develop the cyber diplomacy. As I said in Narration, already several attacks are done and it brought it society of Korea. and not only for cyber attack but for preparing a political cyber diplomacy strategy. and It is the way that Korea can have strong national power if we change and develop the cyber diplomacy. The one problems is distrust of nation against government and because of this, government cannot run well. also The other problem is lack of people who want to protector of country. I suggest several ways to change and develop the problems of Korea cyber diplomacy. The distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. and Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on. There is a way to be legal grounds established so the military can rapidly and effectively respond to cyberattacks based on the expectation that before any conventional warfare, enemy forces might launch large-scale cyber attacks. If we have proper and bright solution of these problem, changing and developing the cyber diplomacy will bring the growth of Korea diplomacy. and I suggest the proper and bright way to change and develop. If you ignore my argument, Korea can suffer from the sorrow of weak nation in the area, cyber diplomacy once again. Thus, Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

Week 10 - Conclusion

Conclusion 1

I mentioned several times that why we need to change and develop the cyber diplomacy. As I said in Narration, already several attacks are done and it brought it society of Korea. and not only for cyber attack but for preparing a political cyber diplomacy strategy. and It is the way that Korea can have strong national power if we change and develop the cyber diplomacy. The one problems is distrust of nation against government and because of this, government cannot run well. also The other problem is lack of people who want to protector of country. I suggest several ways to change and develop the problems of Korea cyber diplomacy. The distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. and Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on. There is a way to be legal grounds established so the military can rapidly and effectively respond to cyberattacks based on the expectation that before any conventional warfare, enemy forces might launch large-scale cyber attacks. If we have proper and bright solution of these problem, changing and developing the cyber diplomacy will bring the growth of Korea diplomacy. and I suggest the proper and bright way to change and develop. If you ignore my argument, Korea can suffer from the sorrow of weak nation in the area, cyber diplomacy once again. Thus, Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

Week 9 - Refutation and Concession

1. What is my thesis?

Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

2. What is the opposite position?

Actually, It is not needed to change and develop cyber diplomacy

3. What arguments can I anticipate?

a) There is many things to do without changing and developing cyber diplomacy. b) There is no bright way to change and develop. c) Cyber war is just imagine.

4. How will I counter those arguments?

a) Making strong cyber diplomacy is no less important than other things. b) We can find the bright way recognizing the problem. c) Cyber war is not imagine but real, already a little war was started.

My Refutation and Concession

 Distinctly, many people do not agree with my argument. They can say changing and developing cyber diplomacy is too far from reality. There is many things to do. Especially, ability of korea off-line diplomacy is evaluated bad. Actual Korea did not deal with many problems in London Olympic, dispute about Dok-do, and Japanese sex salves problem. It is energy waste that Korea expands the range of diplomacy. Cyber war is groundless say. It is right that one of the reasons that I argue prepare cyber war is cyber attack but cyber war is not only the serious battle. It sometimes can be silent cyber diplomacy war such as Dok-do.

 

  Then, I want to argue that these problems can be solved. In real, off-line diplomacy, there are many difficulties that Korea diplomacy can be strong as related with the national power. But, In cyber space, not many countries develop, so Korea can have the opportunity to get the power in cyber space. Also, The power in cyber space will be stronger and stronger, because information can spread, so people all around the world can accept easily. Thus, it can control mind and atmosphere of people from the world. It can make some solve some political problem can be solved having benefit for us. It can be shown well in Japan. Japan has good ability of cyber diplomacy, so do the soft diplomacy with cyber using media such as making a lot of video. Because of it, many people in the world misunderstant that Dok-do is japanese territory. We can recognize the power of cyber diplomacy. Also, It can be cyber war. and Based on many research, there are many bright ways to changing and developing.

 

  First of all, the distrust of cyber department can be solved by changing the way to connect with nation. It can learn from United State. In United States, expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world through one of the device, multimedia and social media to reach publics, of cyber diplomacy such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr, and Dipnote. Especially creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches will be helpful of announcing Korea. and Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyber terrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security, South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cyber security capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on. If we change and develop in bright way such as I mentioned upper, it will have better result and it is necessary in this society.

Week 8 - The Confirmation

1. What is my thesis?

Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.
 

2. What types of source am I using to defend my thesis?

I am using expert's opinion and the facts about other country's diplomacy and definition.
 

3. Are my arguments mostly based on evidence, logic or emotion?

My arguments based on evidence. Frankly, I researched very, very hard but the evidences are not that deep. It is because there are not many researches that I want to say and cite. But, I am sure that every sauces are connected, so readers can agree with my argument at the end.


 

 Before entrance the argue that should Korean cyber diplomacy be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future, we should know exactly the definition of cyber diplomacy. Thus, according to the 'What is the Definition of eDiplomacy? & WIKIPEDIA' It is the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. and The kind of diplomacy that uses the internet, regardless of whether the actors involved are government appointed diplomats or civil society actors. Thus, it indicates everything that we can do on cyber space. It is easy that people misunderstand that cyber diplomacy is not that serious. But, According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', Hillary Clinton said that We're working to leverage the power and potential in what I call 21st century statecraft. It means cyber diplomacy can be device that governing and power in the world.

 

 We can see the background of this in the sauce 'Korean Cyber Attack'. On March 20th, around 2pm, a series of computer attacks ripped across South Korea. These attacks hit the computer systems of MBC, KBS, YTN, Shinhan Bank, Nyeonghyup Bank, and Jeju Bank. It is not simple attack by hacker. It is indicated that one country can collapse. At that time, actually many korean society got into uncontrollable confusion and Korean felt scared. also, the evaluation of ability of korea cyber turned to be lower. It shows the one cyber attack can make the country stop. and Especially, Korea should be sensitive about these events as long as the Korean Peninsula.

 

 

Then, why the Korea did not act quickly and appropriately? Of course, it is very difficult to prepare and block attacks. But, we should not give up just because it is difficult to block. We should recognize the problems. According to the sauce ‘Thought-out policy needed for gray-hat hackers’, there are many problems. The one thing is nation's discredit against government. It is because the doubt political intervention event of cyber department. It has brought a lot of backlash. Because of this event, works and ability that cyber department did before are doubted and cyber department cannot work quickly and propper because it should answer a lot of questions, so cyber diplomacy cannot run effectively. the other is South Korea’s vulnerability to cyber attacks.
 

Son Tae-jong said about the reason of vulnerability.
 

"South Korea has an advanced information technology environment and it has gained international recognition. However, that could make it easy prey for our enemies in cyberspace. Just like developing states focusing only on national development, (South Korea) has not made sufficient investments in cyber protection. "

 

 For strong cyber diplomacy, defense is no less important than effective attack. But, one of the world’s most wired nations, there are many cyber savvy youngsters, or “gray-hat hackers,” who flirt with the idea of breaking into computer networks of firms or state entities. Most have no grasp of the illegality of their activities. These hackers could become cyber security specialists, called “white-hat” hackers, or malicious “black-hat” hackers who would pose transnational cyber security challenges unless the government addresses them.

 

 So then, How can we fing the solution? To find the solution, we can reflect policies of other countries. According to 'United States cyber-diplomacy', as stated by Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, the mission of American public diplomacy is to support the achievement of U.S. foreign policy goals and objectives, advance national interests, and enhance national security by informing and influencing foreign publics and by expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world. Cyber space has also become a foreign policy issue in multilateral fora, in our bilateral relationships, and in our relationships with industry and civil society. U.S. Department of State in cyber-diplomacy has led the State Department to currently have Facebook pages, Twitter accounts, channels on YouTube and Flickr. New purpose of Dipnote is the establishment of communication, creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches. According to 'Japanese Territory > Takeshima ' sauce, Japan organizes well about its argument.

 

 It is no matter that how many we have problems and Korea is stronger than other country, it is clear that Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

Week 7 - Narration

My persuasive argument thesis is:

Although Korean cyber diplomacy is be turned over, Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.
 

1. What do people already know about my topic?

Everyone knows that 'VANK' is a well known korean civic cyber diplomacy group. and also, Ministry of National Defense administer Cyber department but it makes a political issue, so it does not work well.
 

2. What research has already been done about my topic?
 

http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2013/05/digital-warfare

- Facts that Korea has attacked cyber attack several times and how the Korea government dealt with this attack. It also cited the danger of cyber welfare.
 

http://www.oecd.org/fr/gov/risques/Cyber-risques.pdf

- many research about the cyber diplomacy and cite the history and civic and government role.
 

3. What are the implications of my argument (What if I'm right? What if I'm right and people ignore me?)

If people ignore me, they cannot prepare the future that many diplomacy is done through internet and Korea can be a weak country in the area, cyber diplomacy.
 

My Narration

  Governments nevertheless need to make detailed preparations to withstand and recover from a wide range of unwanted cyber events, both accidental and deliberate. There are significant and growing risks of localised misery and loss as a result of compromise of computer and telecommunications services. In addition, reliable Internet and other computer facilities are essential in recovering from most other large-scale disasters.

Catastrophic single cyber-related events could include: successful attack on one of the underlying technical protocols upon which the Internet depends. Analysis of bsersecurity issues has been weakened by the lack of agreement on terminology and the use of exaggerated language. An ―attack‖or an ―incident‖can include anything from an easily-identified ―phishing‖attempt to obtain password details, a readily detected virus or a failed log-in to a highly sophisticated multi-stranded stealth onslaught. It is indicated why the cyber diplomacy is needed. As we can see in upper sauce, It is already known danger of cyber attack and the defense of information spill of nation is the first step of the cyber diplomacy.
 

  For specific example, Earlier this month the Department of Defence delivered a report to Congress accusing the hermit kingdom's expanding army of “cyber-warriors” of using foreign infrastructure, such as broadband networks, to launch cyber-attacks on American allies, most notably South Korea. On March 20th thousands of South Korean banking and broadcasting systems were paralysed by a devastating cyber "time bomb" spread unwittingly via the ViRobot Management System, corporate antivirus software made by Hauri, an internet-security firm. When the bomb exploded, it wiped the master boot record (MBR), which stores the information a computer needs to start the operating system. If the MBR is wiped or damaged, the computer system will not start up.
 

 This is the situation that current cyber world reflects the real world. The things that I researched problems of Korean cyber diplomacy and cyber diplomacy of other countries are all based on this situation. Many attacks and policy are done on the cyber(often infiltrate softly but frightening). It shows why my argument is accepted. As we can see above sauces, already people felt the need of importance and change of cyber diplomacy. Thus, the problem and solution will be dealt in my essay.

Research - 6

Source:

Korean Cyber Attack

http://www.qiranger.com/2013/03/21/korean-cyber-attack/?utm_campaign=korean-cyber-attack&utm_medium=rss&utm_source=rss

My Topic:

Korean government should change and develop cyber diplomacy policy.

What I hope to learn from this source:

Cyber attack that Korea cannot deal well.

Notes:

1. Attacks ripped across South Korea - On March 20th, around 2pm, a series of computer attacks ripped across South Korea. These attacks hit the computer systems of MBC, KBS, YTN, Shinhan Bank, Nyeonghyup Bank, and Jeju Bank.

2. Cannot defend even attacker within South Korea and Already attacked - Speculation immediately placed the blame on North Korea, as the nation previous carried out similar attacks in 2010 and 2012. However, as of this morning, it appears that the initial investigation has led to a different conclusion: the attacks emanated from within South Korea.

3. Shore up its defenses and identify the true perpetrator of the attack - While the finger may be tentatively taken off North Korea, it’s important for South Korea to shore up its defenses and quickly identify the true perpetrator of the attack. As I mention in the video, there may be another party at work trying to raise tensions since North Korea suffered a cyber attack a few days ago.

Final Thoughts:

Korea has attacked several times and not saves than other countries because of North Korea. I more recognize the importance of role of cyber diplomacy and the danger of cyber war.

Week 6 - Introduction

We live in a fast-changing times which information is flooded and moved through internet and many things are done on the Internet. People chat, students study, and people share habit through the Internet. Not only these things but also diplomacy is done through the Internet. It calls Cyber Diplomacy. Cyber diplomacy is often called various name : Digital Diplomacy, Ediplomacy. Cyber diplomacy can be defined various but I want to define it : the use of the Internet and new information communication technologies to help achieve diplomatic objectives. and I especially want to focus the point that cyber diplomacy not only control overall information in cyber space but also help the diplomacy can be powerful and have influence by effective way. Even though Korean technology of internet is evaluated good, the cyber diplomacy is not that good in my opinion. It is because image of Korea is still bad and Korea could not get good score in a little cyber war between Japan and Korea about Dok-Do. Thus, I think Korean cyber diplomacy does not have a proper role as compared with technology and possibility, so I want to know the reason and other country's cyber diplomacy polity and find the solution. Thus, I argue that the Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

 

1. Attention grabber -

I attracted the audience by describing current situation about internet that many information is flooded and many things are done.

2. Explains the topic -

I explained the topic with the definition of cyber diplomacy adding my focus point.

3. My thesis - I said directly the thesis :

the Korean cyber diplomacy should be changed and developed quickly to hold a dominant position in the future.

Research - 5

Source:

Japanese Territory > Takeshima

http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/takeshima/index.html

My Topic:

Korean government should change and develop cyber diplomacy policy.

What I hope to learn from this source:

Cyber diplomacy of Japan : Especially Dok-do(Takeshima)

Notes:

1. Highlight Korea's unfair behavior - The Republic of Korea has been occupying Takeshima with no basis in international law. Any measures the Republic of Korea takes regarding Takeshima based on such an illegal occupation have no legal justification.

2. Highlight the pure purpose - Japan will continue to seek the settlement of the dispute of the territorial sovereignty over Takeshima on the basis of international law in a calm and peaceful manner.

3. Various languages & Videos for Foreign

English 中文簡体 中文繁体 Français Deutsch Italiano 한국어 Português Русский

Español 日本語

Final Thoughts:

In my opinion, Korea's Dok-do homepage is also good. But, the world perception gives advantage for Japan generally. It is a little feel sorry that the sauce does not show the reason why world perception gives advantage for Japan but I know that Japan organizes well about its argument.

Research - 4

Source:

United States cyber-diplomacy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_cyber-diplomacy

My Topic:

Korean government should change and develop cyber diplomacy policy.

What I hope to learn from this source:

A current state of United States cyber diplomacy

Notes:

1. Interact with a wider public - Cyber-diplomacy has as its underpinnings that, “it recognizes that new communication technologies offer new opportunities to interact with a wider public by adopting a network approach and making the most of an increasingly multicentric global, interdependent system.”

2. Between the people and government - As stated by Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, the mission of American public diplomacy “is to support the achievement of U.S. foreign policy goals and objectives, advance national interests, and enhance national security by informing and influencing foreign publics and by expanding and strengthening the relationship between the people and government of the United States and citizens of the rest of the world.”

3. U.S. interests in cyberspace - Cyber-Diplomacy as identified by the United States Department of State, “encompasses a wide range of U.S. interests in cyberspace. These include not only cyber security and Internet freedom, but also Internet governance, military uses of the Internet, innovation and economic growth. Cyberspace has also become a foreign policy issue in multilateral fora, in our bilateral relationships, and in our relationships with industry and civil society.”

4. YouTube, multimedia and social media to reach publics - Cyber-diplomacy was embraced by the United States Department of State in the commencement of 21st century statecraft, utilizing YouTube, multimedia and social media to reach publics, in 2009. The efforts by the U.S. Department of State in cyber-diplomacy has led the State Department to currently have 230 Facebook pages, 80 Twitter accounts, 55 channels on YouTube and 40 accounts on Flickr. The State Department has also founded many cyber-diplomacy programs and initiatives. Some of these programs are Dipnote, Digital Outreach Team, Opinion Space, Democracy Dialogues and Civil Society 2.0.

5. Hillary Clinton - Secretary of State Hillary Clinton explained the concept as "We're working to leverage the power and potential in what I call 21st century statecraft. Part of our approach is to embrace new tools, like using cell phones for mobile banking or to monitor elections. But we're also reaching to the people behind these tools, the innovators and entrepreneurs themselves."

6. Dipnote(open conversation, translation of President Obama’s speeches) - Dipnote was created in 2007 and opened a platform for the U.S. State Department to engage foreign publics through blogs. It encourages open conversation in regards to the United States and public diplomacy. Part of the philosophy of Dipnote is to accept negative and positive feedback from participants and in doing so assess the temperature of foreign publics. Another new purpose of Dipnote is the establishment of communication, creation of narrative and the translation of President Obama’s speeches.
 

Final Thoughts:

Before I read this, I think only a strong policy of cyber diplomacy helps the diplomacy that can increase the power between governments. But I know soft way that use many medias can also help. Especially, If Korea government follows the same things such as United States government commutes nation through media even negative opinions, Korea government can break the untrust between nation.

Research - 3

Source:

‘Thought-out policy needed for gray-hat hackers’

Cybersecurity expert says defense policy must incorporate cyberspace

http://khnews.kheraldm.com/view.php?ud=20140803000316&md=20140806005219_BK

My Topic:

Korean government should change and develop cyber diplomacy policy.

What I hope to learn from this source:

I want to learn the problem of Korea and current state of Korean cyber diplomacy and advice form expert.

Notes:

1. Negative Views : cyberwarfare authorities’ - Koreans have come to have negative views about (state involvement in) cybersecurity, although there are many areas in the cyberdomain that deserve closer attention. It is because the military’s cybersecurity operations as negative views about them have prevailed so far due to the cyberwarfare authorities’ alleged interference in domestic politics.

2. South Korea’s vulnerability to cyberattacks - South Korea has an advanced information technology environment and it has gained international recognition. However, that could make it easy prey for our enemies in cyberspace. Just like developing states focusing only on national development, (South Korea) has not made sufficient investments in cyberprotection.

3. Many challenges facing South Korea - People have negative views about cyberoperations and some officials still focus mostly on building conventional military power. Also, with the country spending more on public welfare, the government expenditure on defense and cybersecurity tends to dwindle.

4. Future of cyber diplomacy - we will see a new form of warfare in which a country can paralyze and distort another country’s decision-making process, damage public sentiment, instill a sense of frustration and defeatism into enemy forces, and eventually win a war without any bloodshed on battlefields. This would be what we call cyberwarfare.

5. Do to Kroean cyber diplomacy - “Considering that (gray-hat hackers) are often liberal and defiant, the nation should embrace them with a well-thought-out strategy. Otherwise, they could become cyberterrorists or black-hat hackers who would threaten national security,” South Korea should make more national efforts to build its cybersecurity capabilities in terms of weapons systems, personnel, institutions, military doctrines, training facilities and so on.

6. Focus on the legal and institutional aspects - South Korea needs to designate the cyberdomain as a new military domain (in defense laws) and build well-organized cyber-response systems. cyberspace should be integrated in the act and other related laws. There should be a shift in our perceptions of warfare domains, with cyberspace included as another crucial national security realm.

7. Civilian sector can trigger security issues - There should be legal grounds established so the military can rapidly and effectively respond to cyberattacks based on the expectation that before any conventional warfare, enemy forces might launch large-scale cyberattacks.

8. Ability of North and South Korea cyber diplomacy - the North ranked third in the world in terms of cyberwarfare capabilities. The communist state recognizes cybercapabilities as part of its asymmetric warfare capabilities and is expected to continue to strengthen these capabilities.. But, South Korea faces difficulties in countering the cybersecurity challenges due to the anonymity of the transnational cyberdomain, and the difficulty of singling out a culprit for cybercrimes.

Final Thoughts:

Overall, ability of Korean cyber diplomacy is evaluated low than real, so I'm very sad. I recognize and surprise that Korean government have had effort on cyber diplomacy. Korean cyber diplomacy have many good points than I think before. But I think it is clear that Korea does not show the enough ability because of some problems. If Korea give attention more in cyber diplomacy, the problems can be solved, so I hope students who are smart and have talent in computer to dream white-hat hackers, not just doctor or entering company. Negative image of Korean cyber authority is must be solved because the country and policy that nation do not believe cannot develop.